• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a hubcap wheel of a vehicle, including automotive. According to the invention, a shutter flap (3) of an embellishment trim (2) comprises a second shape memory actuator device (6) interposed between two half-shutters of the shutter shutter (3). so that, under the action of the elevation of the temperature in the vicinity of the second actuator device (6), the latter causes the two shutter half-shutters to pivot towards a position for disengaging the opening of the openwork hubcap. The invention finds its application in the field of the automotive industry.
    公开号:FR3057806A1
    申请号:FR1660374
    申请日:2016-10-26
    公开日:2018-04-27
    发明作者:Eric Palpacuer；Julien Favre
    申请人:Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Holder (s): PEUGEOT CITROEN AUTOMOBILES SA Société anonyme.
    Extension request (s)
    Agent (s): PEUGEOT CITROEN AUTOMOBILES SA Public limited company.
    (04) WHEEL COVER FOR A VEHICLE, PARTICULARLY A MOTOR VEHICLE.
    FR 3 057 806 - A1 (5 / d The invention relates to a wheel cover for a vehicle, in particular an automobile.
    According to the invention, a shutter flap (3) of an openwork of hubcap (2) comprises a second actuator device with shape memory (6) interposed between two half-flaps of the shutter shutter (3) of so that, under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the second actuator device (6), the latter pivotally drives the two shutter half-flaps to a position for clearing the opening of the openwork hubcap.
    The invention finds its application in the field of the automobile industry.
    WHEEL COVER OF A VEHICLE, PARTICULARLY A MOTOR VEHICLE [001] The invention relates to a wheel cover with variable geometry of a vehicle, especially a motor vehicle. By variable geometry is meant the variation in the openwork area of the hubcap as a function of the ambient temperature prevailing in the space formed between the wheel and the hubcap.
    Aerodynamic hub caps are known, having a relatively small open area to limit aerodynamic drag, but which have the drawback of not cooling the braking members e optimally. Conversely, there are known hubcaps having large openings of hubcaps to cool the braking members effectively, but which on the other hand have unfavorable aerodynamic characteristics.
    DE 10 2011 117 088 describes a wheel cover, in one piece and made of plastic, which comprises a cover body with an opening, a flap hinged on one side of the opening and an actuating element. One end of the actuator is coupled to the body of the hubcap and the other end of the actuator is coupled to the flap. The actuating element comprises a bimetallic strip, an elastic element and a shortening element made of a temperature memory alloy which reacts to the temperature, so as to close the hubcap to optimize aerodynamics and open the covers of the hubcap when the brakes go up in temperature to cool them.
    However, in certain driving situations during which the brakes are highly stressed, the surface area of the openings remains insufficient to ensure optimal cooling of the braking members.
    The present invention aims to overcome the above drawbacks of the prior art.
    To achieve this object, the invention relates to a wheel comprising a hubcap body intended to cover a vehicle wheel, in particular a motor vehicle, and comprising at least one openwork of the hubcap, a shutter for closing the embellishment of hubcap pivotally mounted on the body of the hubcap around a first pivot axis between two positions respectively of closing and opening of the aperture of the hubcap to allow the passage of cooling air to the through the openwork of the hubcap, and a first actuator device with shape memory interposed between the hubcap body and the shutter so that, under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the first actuator device, the latter pivotally drives the shutter towards its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap, the shutter comprising two half-flaps pivotally mounted one relative to the other around a second pivot axis substantially perpendicular to the first pivot axis of the shutter between two positions respectively of shutter of the embellishment of the hubcap and of clearance of the opening of the openwork of hubcap, and a second actuator device with shape memory interposed between the two shutter half-flaps so that, under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the second actuator device, the latter causes pivoting the two shutter half-flaps to their position of disengaging from the opening of the embellishment of the hubcap.
    In another feature, the first shape memory actuator device comprises at least one blade made of shape memory material, the opposite ends of which are integral with the trim body and the shutter respectively, and in that the shape memory blade curves under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the blade to exert a bending force to pivot the shutter relative to the body of the hubcap around the first axis of pivoting of the shutter to its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap.
    In another feature, the shutter in its open position of the embellishment of the hubcap forms an opening angle of about ten degrees with a plane in which extends the body of the hubcap .
    In another feature, the hubcap includes several hubcap openings arranged radially and distributed circumferentially at a constant angular pitch, each hubcap openwork being provided with a shutter shutter of the openwork.
    In another feature, the hubcap includes a first elastically deformable member interposed between the shutter and the body of the hubcap and exerting a force between the shutter and the body of the hubcap to bring the shutter towards its closed position when the bending force exerted by the first actuator device gradually decreases under the effect of the lowering of the temperature in the vicinity of this actuator device.
    In another feature, the hubcap body comprises a yoke, the two branches of which respectively support two coaxial axes of pivoting of the shutter, and in that the shutter comprises a stirrup, the two branches of which are integral with the shutter and are crossed respectively by the two coaxial pivot axes integral with the two branches of the yoke, so that the legs of the stirrup can pivot around these two coaxial pivot axes, the ends of the blade with shape memory being secured respectively to the core of the stirrup of the shutter flap and to the core the yoke of the hubcap body.
    In another feature, the second actuator device comprises at least one blade of shape memory material substantially perpendicular to the second pivot axis and whose opposite ends are respectively secured to the two half-flaps, and in that the blade shape memory curves under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the blade to exert a bending force causing the two shutter half-flaps to pivot around the second pivot axis of the half-flaps obturation at their position of release of the opening of the embellishment of the embellishment.
    In another feature, the hubcap includes a second elastically deformable member interposed between the shutter half-flaps and exerting a force between the shutter half-flaps to bring the shutter half-flaps to their position closing off the openwork of the hubcap when the bending force exerted by the second actuator device gradually decreases under the effect of the lowering of the temperature in the vicinity of this actuator device.
    In another feature, the half-flaps are articulated by a hinge formed by knuckles enclosed in one another and joined by the second pivot axis, and in that the shape memory blade of the second actuator device passes through an orifice formed in one of the knuckles forming the central knuckle of the hinge so that the central part of the shape memory blade is housed in this orifice so that, under the action of the elevation of the temperature in the vicinity of this blade, the latter can by bending rest on the central knuckle to ensure the pivoting of the two half-flaps.
    The invention also relates to a motor vehicle of which at least one wheel comprises a hubcap as described above.
    The invention will be better understood, and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the explanatory description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings given solely by way of example illustrating a embodiment of the invention and in which:
    - Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the hubcap of the invention, the shutter shutters being in the closed position of the openings of the hubcap;
    - Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the hubcap of Figure 1, the shutters being in the open position of the trim openings;
    - Figure 3 shows an enlarged detail of the hubcap of Figure 1, showing a shutter and its two half-flaps in the closed position of the corresponding hubcap cut-out;
    - Figure 4 shows an enlarged detail of the hubcap of Figure 2, showing a shutter in the open position of the openwork of the corresponding hubcap, the two half-flaps being in the release position of the opening of the corresponding hubcap cutout.
    [0017] With reference to the figures, the wheel cover of a motor vehicle will now be described.
    The wheel cover, preferably made of polyamide, comprises a cover body in the general shape of a disc designated by the general reference 1 and which is placed on the outside of a vehicle wheel. More specifically, the hubcap body 1 is fixed to the rim of the vehicle wheel by means of circumferential mounting lugs. The reference 11 designates the inner face of the hubcap body 1, therefore the face facing the interior of the vehicle.
    The wheel is provided with wheel openings distributed over at least one sector of the wheel and equidistant from the center of the latter.
    By way of nonlimiting example and as shown in the figures, the trim body 1 can be provided with five trim openings, collectively referenced 2. These trim openings 2 are equidistant from the center of the cover body 1, and are distributed circumferentially at a constant angular pitch on the cover body 1.
    Each embellishment of hubcap 2 comprises a shutter 3 of said perforation 2, pivotally mounted on the hubcap body 1 between an open position of the corresponding hubcap perforation 2 and a closed position of this aperture 2. The shutter flaps 3 are further mounted on the inner face 11 of the hubcap body 1. As best shown in Figures 3 and 4, each shutter flap 3 is pivotally mounted towards the inside of the wheel around a pivot axis XX ′.
    The hubcap comprises, for each shutter 3, a first actuator device 4 which is intended to rotate the shutter 3 on its pivot axis XX 'towards its open position to open the openwork of hubcap 2 when the ambient temperature near the first actuator device 4 increases.
    The first actuator device 4 is made of a shape memory material, for example a polymer material, but preferably a metallic material or alloy with shape memory, so that under the action of temperature rise in the vicinity of this actuator device 4, the latter deforms and pivotally drives the corresponding shutter 3 towards its open position of the openwork of the corresponding hubcap 2. In fact, a sample of a metal alloy with shape memory, such as for example Nickel-Titanium or Copper-Nickel-Titanium, or else Copper-Nickel-Aluminum, can undergo at low temperature an apparently plastic deformation of a few percent and fully recover its initial shape given at high temperature, by simple heating of this sample above a predetermined temperature.
    In order to prevent the shutter flap in the open position from touching the wheel on which the hubcap is mounted, the hubcap body comprises a stop 28 against which one of the edges of the shutter 3, preferably the edge furthest from the center of the hubcap, comes into abutment when the angle formed between the plane in which extends the hubcap body 1 and the shutter 3 exceeds a predetermined value, preferably l 'order of ten degrees.
    According to the invention, the first shape memory actuator device 4 comprises at least one blade of shape memory material 7, the opposite ends of which are integral with the trim body 1 and the shutter 3, respectively. Preferably, as shown in the figures, the first actuator device 4 comprises a single shape memory blade 7. The shape memory blade 7 curves under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the blade 7 for exert a bending force to pivot the shutter 3 relative to the body of the hubcap 1 around the pivot axis XX 'of the shutter 3 in its open position of the openwork d 'hubcap 2. Thus, when the temperature of the braking members exceeds a certain threshold, priority is given to the cooling of these braking members.
    According to the invention, each shutter 3 is pivotally mounted on a yoke 9 in the U shape of the hubcap body. In addition, each flap 3 comprises a stirrup 13 secured to the edge of the flap 3 opposite the edge capable of coming to bear against the stop 28 described above. With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the branches 10 of the yoke 9 are engaged between the branches 14 of the stirrup 13 of the shutter 3. The two branches 10 of the yoke 9 respectively support two coaxial pivot axes 11, 12 of the shutter 3, each pivot axis 11,12 projecting from the edge of the corresponding branch 10 of the yoke 9 located opposite the corresponding branch 14 of the stirrup 13 of the shutter 3, so that the free end of each pivot axis 11, 12 passes through the corresponding branch 14 of the stirrup 13 of the shutter 3. In this way, the branches 14 of the stirrup 13 can pivot around these two pivot axes 11, 12. Finally, the ends of the shape memory blade 7 forming the first actuator device 4 are secured respectively to the core 15 of the stirrup 13 of the shutter 3 and the core 16 of the yoke 9 of the hubcap body 1.
    So as to be able to deform the first actuator device 4 when the temperature in the vicinity of this first device 4 decreases, and thus bring the corresponding shutter 3 to its closed position, the cover comprises a first member elastically deformable 8 interposed between the shutter 3 and the cover body 1. More specifically, this elastically deformable member 8 comprises at least one leaf spring 24, one end of which is integral with the core 15 of the stirrup 13 of the shutter 3 and the other end of which is integral with the core 16 of the corresponding yoke 9 of the hubcap body 1. Preferably but not limited to, the hubcap comprises a single leaf spring 24, integral with the shape memory blade 7 by welding or gluing their respective faces. The number of leaf springs 24 can be adjusted and depends on their stiffness and the force that can be exerted by the shape memory blade 7 of the first actuator device 4.
    When the temperature between the wheel and the hubcap increases, causing the shutter 3 to open, the leaf spring 24 bends and is tensioned by the action of the shape memory blade 7 of the first actuator device 4. When the temperature decreases, the force exerted by the shape memory blade 7 and opposing the force exerted by the leaf spring 24 decreases, so that the force exerted by this spring with blade 24 makes it possible to deform the shape memory blade 7 forming the first actuator device 4, and to bring the shutter 3 to its position for shuttering the openwork of the hubcap 2. Thus, when the members braking does not require cooling, priority is given to good aerodynamic drag of the hubcap.
    According to the invention, the shutter 3 comprises two half-flaps 5 pivotally mounted relative to each other around a second pivot axis Y-Y 'substantially perpendicular to the first axis of pivoting X-X ′ of the shutter shutter 3 between two positions respectively of shuttering the openwork of the hubcap 2 and of release of the opening of the openwork of the hubcap 2. In addition, the shutter 3 comprises a second actuator device with shape memory 6 interposed between the two shutter half-flaps 5 so that, under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the second actuator device 6, the latter causes pivoting the two shutter half-flaps 5 towards their position for disengaging the opening of the embellishment of the hubcap 2.
    The two half-flaps 5 are articulated by a hinge formed by knuckles 19, 20, 21, 22 enclosed in one another and joined by a cylindrical rod 23 forming the second pivot axis Y-Y ’. Each half-flap 5 comprises two of the hinges 19, 20 of the hinge, while a bar 26 extending perpendicular to the core 15 of the stirrup 13 of the shutter 3 comprises three of the hinges 21, 22 of the hinge, one of these three knuckles of the shutter bar forms the central knuckle 22.
    The second actuator device 6 comprises meanwhile at least one shape memory blade 17, preferably a single shape memory blade, substantially perpendicular to the second pivot axis Y-Y 'and whose opposite ends are secured respectively of the two half-flaps 5. More specifically, the opposite ends of the shape memory blade 17 are secured respectively to the internal face of the half-flaps 5 by two flat bridges 27, the internal face of the half-flaps 5 being opposite - screw of the wheel on which the hubcap is mounted. In addition, the shape memory blade 17 of the second actuator device 6 passes through an orifice formed in the central knuckle 22 so that the central part of the shape memory blade 17 is housed in this orifice.
    The shape memory blade 17 of the second actuator device 6 curves under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the blade 17. By bending, the shape memory blade 17 is supported on the central knuckle 22 for exerting a bending force pivoting the two shutter half-flaps 5 around the second pivot axis Y-Y 'of the shutter half-flaps 5 in their position of release from the opening of the openwork of hubcap 2. In this way, the surface of the opening of the openwork of hubcap 2 is increased, making the cooling of the braking members more efficient.
    So as to be able to deform the second actuator device 6 when the temperature in the vicinity of this second device 6 decreases, and thus bring the shutter demivolets 5 to their shutter position, the hubcap comprises a second elastically deformable member 18 interposed between the shutter half-flaps 5. More specifically, this second elastically deformable member 18 comprises at least one leaf spring 25 whose opposite ends are secured respectively to the internal face of the half-flaps 5 by the two flat bridges 27. Preferably but not limited to, the hubcap comprises a single leaf spring 25, integral with the shape memory blade 17 of the second actuator device 6 by welding or gluing their respective faces.
    When the temperature between the wheel and the hubcap increases, causing the opening of the shutter half-flaps 5 towards their position of release from the opening of the openwork of the hubcap 2, the leaf spring 25 bends and is energized by the action of the shape memory blade 17 of the second actuator device 6. When the temperature decreases, the effort exerted by the shape memory blade 17 and opposing the effort exerted by the leaf spring 25 decreases, so that the force exerted by this leaf spring 25 makes it possible to deform the shape memory blade 17 forming the second actuator device 6, and to bring the shutter half-flaps 5 at their position for closing off the embellishment of the hubcap 2. Thus, when the braking members do not require cooling, priority is given to good aerodynamic drag of the hubcap.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Wheel cover comprising a cover body (1) intended to cover a vehicle wheel, in particular a motor vehicle wheel, and comprising at least an openwork cover (2), a shutter shutter (3) of the openwork of hubcap (2) pivotally mounted on the body of the hubcap (1) about a first pivot axis (X-X ') between two positions respectively for closing and opening the cut-out of cover (2) to allow the passage of cooling air through the cut-out of the cover (2), and a first actuator device with shape memory (4) interposed between the cover body (1) and the shutter (3) so that, under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the first actuator device (4), the latter pivotally drives the shutter (3) towards its position opening of the embellishment of the hubcap (2), characterized in that the shutter (3) comprises two half-flaps (5) pivotally mounted relative to each other around a second pivot axis (Y-Y ') substantially perpendicular to the first pivot axis (X-X') of the flap obturation (3) between two positions respectively for closing the embellishment of the hubcap (2) and for disengaging the opening of the embellishment of the hubcap (2), and a second actuator device with shape memory (6 ) interposed between the two shutter half-flaps (5) so that, under the action of the temperature rise in the vicinity of the second actuator device (6), the latter pivotally drives the two half-flaps d 'shutter (5) to their position of release of the opening of the embellishment of the hubcap (2).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Wheel cover according to claim 1, characterized in that the first shape memory actuator device (4) comprises at least one blade of shape memory material (7) whose opposite ends are secured respectively to the body of hubcap (1) and the shutter (3), and in that the shape memory blade (7) curves under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the blade (7) to exert a bending force to pivot the shutter (3) relative to the body of the hubcap (1) around the first pivot axis (X-X ') of the shutter (3) to its position opening of the embellishment of the hubcap (2).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Wheel cover according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shutter flap (3) in its open position of the embellishment of the wheel cover (2) forms an opening angle of about ten degrees with a plane in which the cover body extends (1).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Wheel cover according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises several cover cutouts (2) arranged radially and distributed circumferentially at a constant angular pitch, each cover cutout (2) being provided with a shutter (3) of the openwork (2).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Wheel cover according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a first elastically deformable member (8) interposed between the shutter (3) and the body of the cover (1 ) and exerting a force between the shutter (3) and the body of the hubcap (1) to bring the shutter (3) to its closed position when the bending force exerted by the first device actuator (4) gradually decreases under the effect of the lowering of the temperature in the vicinity of this actuator device (4).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Wheel cover according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the cover body (1) comprises a yoke (9) whose two arms (10) respectively support two coaxial pivot axes (11 , 12) of the shutter (3), and in that the shutter (3) comprises a stirrup (13) whose two branches (14) are integral with the shutter (3) and are crossed respectively by the two coaxial pivot axes (11, 12) integral with the two branches (10) of the yoke (9), so that the branches (14) of the stirrup (13) can pivot around these two coaxial axes pivot (11, 12), the ends of the shape memory blade (7) being secured respectively to the core (15) of the stirrup (13) of the shutter flap (3) and of the core (16 ) the yoke (9) of the hubcap body (1).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Wheel cover according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second actuator device (6) comprises at least one blade of shape memory material (17) substantially perpendicular to the second pivot axis (Y -Y ') and whose opposite ends are respectively secured to the two half-flaps (5), and in that the shape memory plate (17) curves under the action of the rise in temperature in the vicinity of the blade (17) for exerting a bending force pivoting the two shutter half-flaps (5) around the second pivot axis (Y-Y ') of the shutter half-flaps (5) in their release position from the opening of the embellishment of the hubcap (2).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Wheel cover according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a second elastically deformable member (18) interposed between the shutter half-flaps (5) and exerting a force between the shutter half-flaps ( 5) in order to bring the shutter half-flaps (5) to their position for closing off the embellishment of the hubcap (2) when the bending force exerted by the second actuator device (6) gradually decreases under the effect of lowering the temperature in the vicinity of this actuator device (6).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Wheel cover according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the half-flaps (5) are articulated by a hinge formed by knuckles (19, 20, 21, 22) enclosed one
    5 in the other and joined by a cylindrical rod (23) forming the second pivot axis (Y-Yj, and in that the shape memory blade (17) of the second actuator device (6) passes through an orifice formed in one of the knuckles forming a central knuckle (22) of the hinge so that the central part of the shape memory blade (17) is housed in this orifice so that, under the action of the rise in temperature at the neighborhood of
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10 this blade (17), the latter can by bending bear on the central knuckle (22) to ensure the pivoting of the two half-flaps (5).
    10. Motor vehicle of which at least one wheel comprises a hub cap in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 9.
    1/3
    2/3
    3/3
    X '
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4593953A|1983-12-14|1986-06-10|Kabushiki-Kaisha Tokai-Rika-Denki-Seisakusho|Apparatus for covering disc wheel for motor vehicle|
    DE102010015319A1|2010-04-17|2011-10-20|Audi Ag|Rim for a vehicle wheel|
    DE102011117088A1|2011-10-27|2013-05-02|Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft|Wheel surface element, particularly wheel cover for wheel of passenger car, comprises cover body with opening, cover flap hinged on one side of opening, and actuating element, which has lower curvature between its primary and secondary ends|
    DE102013222044A1|2013-10-30|2015-04-30|Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft|wheel cover|
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    WO2016137856A1|2015-02-23|2016-09-01|Maxion Wheels U.S.A. Llc|Active aerodynamic vehicle wheel cover assembly, vehicle wheel assembly including such a vehicle wheel cover assembly and method for producing such a vehicle wheel assembly|US20190322128A1|2018-04-18|2019-10-24|GM Global Technology Operations LLC|Vehicle wheel assembly including a self-deployed wheel shutter system|
    US10882353B2|2015-11-26|2021-01-05|Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft|Vehicle wheel with cover elements for the spaces between the spokes|
    FR3100481A1|2019-09-09|2021-03-12|Psa Automobiles Sa|VEHICLE WHEEL TRIM, WITH DECLIPPABLE AIR PASSAGE OCCULATORDEPENDING ON THE TEMPERATURE|
    法律状态:
    2017-09-20| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2018-04-27| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20180427 |
    2018-09-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-09-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-09-17| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-09-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1660374A|FR3057806B1|2016-10-26|2016-10-26|WHEEL TRIM OF A VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A MOTOR VEHICLE|FR1660374A| FR3057806B1|2016-10-26|2016-10-26|WHEEL TRIM OF A VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A MOTOR VEHICLE|
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